经济学II(电子科技大学) 中国大学mooc慕课答案2024版 m69842

第八篇 宏观经济学概论 单元测验1：第八篇（宏观经济学概论）

1、 Macroeconomists study

答案: economy-wide phenomena.

2、 Which of the following is not a question that macroeconomists address?

答案: Why does the price of oil rise when war erupts in the Middle East?

3、 Which of the following statistic is usually regarded as the best single measure of a society’s economic well-being?

答案: gross domestic product

4、 Gross domestic product measures two things at once: (  )

答案: the total income of everyone in the economy and the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services.

5、 Which of the following items is included in U.S. GDP?

答案: All the answers are correct.

6、 Tyler and Camille both live in Oklahoma.  A new-car dealer in Oklahoma bought a new car from the manufacturer for $18,000 and sold it to Tyler for $22,000.  Later that year, Tyler sold the car to Camille for $17,000.  By how much did these transactions contribute to U.S. GDP for the year? (  )

答案: $22,000

7、 Which of the following examples of household spending is categorized as investment rather than consumption?

答案: expenditures on new housing.

8、 Suppose an economy produces only cheese and fish.  In 2008, 20 units of cheese are sold at $5 each and 8 units of fish are sold at $50 each.  In 2007, the base year, the price of cheese was $10 per unit and the price of fish was $75 per unit.  For 2008, (  )

答案: nominal GDP is $500, real GDP is $800, and the GDP deflator is 62.5.

9、 In the economy of Wrexington in 2008, real GDP was $25 billion and the GDP deflator was 68.  What was Wrexington’s nominal GDP in 2008?

答案: $17 billion

10、 Government purchases include spending on goods and services by

答案: federal, state, and local governments.

11、 When markets fail, which of the following is true?

答案: Government intervention can potentially improve outcomes.

12、 Which of the following is included in U.S. GDP?

答案: The value of production by a Singaporean working in the U.S.

13、 George lived in a home that was newly constructed in 2005 for which he paid $200,000.  In 2008 he sold the house for $225,000.  Which of the following statements is correct regarding the sale of the house?

答案: The 2008 sale affected neither 2008 GDP nor 2005 GDP.

14、 Which of the following domestically produced items is not included in GDP?

答案: All the items are included in GDP.

15、 Tim mows the yard for his neighbors. He spends $1 on gas and charges them $20 for each lawn he mows.  What’s the total contribution to GDP each time Tim mows a yard?

答案: $20

16、 Gasoline is considered a final good if it is sold by a

答案: gasoline station to a motorist in Los Angeles.

17、 Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole.

答案: 正确

18、 Macroeconomic statistics tell us about a particular household, firm, or market.

答案: 错误

19、 The goal of macroeconomics is to explain the economic changes that affect many households, firms, and markets simultaneously.

答案: 正确

20、 The basic tools of supply and demand are as central to macroeconomic analysis as they are to microeconomic analysis.

答案: 正确

21、 GDP can measure either the total income of everyone in the economy or the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services, but GDP cannot measure both at the same time.

答案: 错误

22、 GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced by a country’s citizens in a given period of time.

答案: 错误

23、 GDP includes only the value of final goods because the value of intermediate goods is already included in the prices of the final goods.

答案: 正确

24、 The government purchases component of GDP includes salaries paid to soldiers but not Social Security benefits paid to the elderly.

答案: 正确

25、 If the value of an economy’s imports exceeds the value of that economy’s exports, then net exports is a negative number.

答案: 正确

26、 If nominal GDP is $12,000 and the GDP deflator is 80, then real GDP is $15,000.

答案: 正确

27、 Macroeconomic statistics include GDP, the inflation rate, the unemployment rate, retail sales, and the trade deficit.

答案: 正确

28、 Macroeconomic statistics tell us about a particular household, firm, or market

答案: 错误

29、 Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole

答案: 正确

30、 The basic tools of supply and demand are central to microeconomic analysis but are of little use to macroeconomics

答案: 错误

31、 GDP is the most closely watched economic statistic because it is thought to be the best single measure of a society’s economic well-being.

答案: 正确

32、 GDP can measure either the total income of everyone in the economy or the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services, but GDP cannot measure both at the same time.

答案: 错误

33、 For an economy as a whole, income must exceed expenditure.

答案: 错误

34、 GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time

答案: 正确

35、 At a rummage sale, you buy two old books and an old rocking chair; your spending on these items is not included in current GDP

答案: 正确

36、 The government computes measures of income other than GDP because these other measures usually tell different stories about overall economic conditions

答案: 错误

第九篇 国民收入的来源与分配 单元测验10：第九篇（国民收入的来源与分配）

1、 If there are constant returns to scale, the production function can be written as(  )

答案: Y/L = A F( 1, K/L, H/L, N/L).

2、 An economy’s production function has the constant-returns-to-scale property. If the economy’s labor force doubled and all other inputs stayed the same, then real GDP would(  )

答案: increase, but not necessarily by either 50 percent or 100 percent.

3、 Given that a country’s real output has increased, in which of the following cases can we be sure that its productivity also has increased?

答案: It is unable to judge. 

4、 The inputs used to produce goods and services are also called（）

答案: factors of production.

5、 The Peapod Restaurant uses all of the following to produce vegetarian meals. Which of them is an example of physical capital?

答案: the tables and chairs in the restaurant

6、 Net exports must equal zero for any economy

答案: All the answers are correct.

7、 According to the definitions of private and public saving, if Y, C, and G remained the same, an increase in taxes would (  )

答案: lower private saving and raise public saving.

8、 A larger budget surplus

答案: reduces the interest rate and raises investment.

9、 Dilbert’s Incorporated produced 5,000,000 units of accounting software in 2004. At the start of 2005 the pointy-haired boss reduced total annual hours of employment from 10,000 to 8,000 and production was 4,800,000. These numbers indicate that productivity

答案: rose by 20%.

10、 In a closed economy, what does (Y – T – C) represent?

答案: private saving

11、 The most important factors of production are capital and labor.

答案: 正确

12、 Like physical capital, human capital is a produced factor of production.

答案: 正确

13、 As capital per worker rises, output per worker rises. However, the increase in output per worker from an addition to capital is smaller, the larger is the existing amount of capital per worker.

答案: 正确

14、 Consumption depends positively on disposable income—the amount of income after all taxes have been paid. The higher disposable income is, the greater consumption is.

答案: 正确

15、 The quantity of investment goods demanded depends negatively on the real interest rate.

答案: 正确

16、 Government purchases are a measure of the dollar value of goods and services purchased indirectly by the government.

答案: 错误

17、 The financial system coordinates investment and saving, which are important determinants of long-run real GDP

答案: 正确

18、 National saving is equal to Y – T – C.

答案: 错误

19、 Public saving is equal to national saving minus private saving.

答案: 正确

20、 If, for an imaginary closed economy, investment amounts to $10,000 and the government is running a $2,500 deficit, then private saving must amount to $12,500.

答案: 正确

第十篇 货币与通货膨胀 单元测验11：第十篇（货币与通货膨胀）

1、 Commodity money is(  )

答案: money with intrinsic value.

2、 Which of the following statements is correct? (  )

答案: All items that are included in M1 are included also in M2.

3、 Which of the following items is included in the M2 definition of the money supply? (  )

答案: money market mutual funds

4、 The money supply in Muckland is $100 billion. Nominal GDP is $800 billion and real GDP is $400 billion. What are the price level and velocity in Muckland? (  )

答案: The price level is 2 and velocity is 8.

5、 Which of the following is not implied by the quantity equation? (  )

答案: With constant money supply and velocity, an increase in output creates a proportional increase in the price level.

6、 The Fisher effect (  )

答案: says there is a one for one adjustment of the nominal interest rate to the inflation rate.

7、 Shawn puts money into an account. One year later he sees that he has 5 percent more dollars and that his money will buy 6 percent more goods. (  )

答案: The nominal interest rate was 5 percent and the inflation rate was -1 percent.

8、 As the price level rises, the value of money (  )

答案: falls, and people desire to hold more of it.

9、 People can reduce the inflation tax by(  )

答案: reducing cash holdings.

10、 When the money supply and the price level in countries that experienced hyperinflation are plotted on a graph against time, we see that(  )

答案: the price level grew at about the same rate as the money supply.

11、 People can reduce the inflation tax by

答案: reducing cash holdings.

12、 The shoeleather cost of inflation refers to

答案: the waste of resources used to maintain lower money holdings

13、 Suppose one year ago the price index was 120 and Maria purchased $20,000 worth of bonds. One year later the price index is 126. Maria redeems his bonds for $22,250 and is in a 40 percent tax bracket. What is Maria’s real after-tax rate of interest to the nearest tenth of a percent?

答案: 1.8 percent

14、 Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which of the following cases would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?

答案: Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 5 percent

15、 Which of the following are costs incurred by people trying to protect themselves from the effects of inflation?

答案: menu costs and shoeleather costs

16、 The data on hyperinflation show a clear link between the quantity of money and

答案: the price level.

17、 Suppose that M is fixed but that P falls.  According to the quantity equation which of the following could both by themselves explain the decrease in P?

答案: Y rose, V fell

18、 If P = 4 and Y = 450, then which of the following pairs of values are possible?

答案: M = 600, V =3

19、 If velocity = 5, the price level = 1.5, and the real value of output is 2,500, then the quantity of money is

答案: 750.00

20、 Which of the following is correct?

答案: All the answers are correct.

21、 M2 is both larger and more liquid than M1.

答案: 错误

22、 The Federal Reserve primarily uses open-market operations to change the money supply.

答案: 正确

23、 The quantity theory of money implies that if output and velocity are constant, then a 50 percent increase in the money supply would lead to less than a 50 percent increase in the price level.

答案: 错误

24、 When the value of money is on the vertical axis, an increase in the price level shifts money demand to the right.

答案: 错误

25、 Considering inflation, the nominal interest rate relevant for money demand is  r  + Ep.

答案: 正确

26、 The quantity theory of money implies that if output and velocity are constant, then a 50 percent increase in the money supply would lead to less than a 50 percent increase in the price level.

答案: 错误

27、 In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.

答案: 错误

28、 The Fisher effect says that increases in the inflation rate lead to one-to-one increases in nominal interest rates.

答案: 正确

29、 The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.

答案: 错误

30、 The goal of the consumer price index is to gauge how much incomes must rise to maintain a constant standard of living.

答案: 正确

31、 The money demand curve shifts to the left when the Fed buys government bonds.

答案: 错误

32、 As the price level falls, the value of money falls

答案: 错误

33、 If the quantity of money demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, then the value of money rises.

答案: 正确

34、 An excess supply of money is eliminated by a falling price level

答案: 错误

35、 An excess supply of money is eliminated by a decrease in the value of money

答案: 正确

36、 Real GDP measures output of final goods and services in physical terms.

答案: 错误

37、 According to the Fisher effect, if inflation rises then the nominal interest rate rises.

答案: 正确

38、 If the real interest rate is 5% and the inflation rate is 3%, then the nominal interest rate is 8%.

答案: 正确

39、 Suppose the nominal interest rate is 10 percent, the tax rate on interest income is 28 percent, and the inflation rate is 6 percent.  Then the after-tax real interest rate is -3.2 percent.

答案: 错误

40、 If inflation is higher than expected, then borrowers make nominal interest payments that are less than they expected.

答案: 错误

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第十一篇 总需求与总供给 单元测验12：第十一篇（总需求与总供给）

1、 Which of the following explains why production rises in most years?

答案: All the answers are correct.

2、 During a recession the economy experiences

答案: falling employment and income.

3、 During recessions,

答案: All the answers are correct.

4、 Which of the following is correct?

答案: When real GDP falls, the rate of unemployment rises.

5、 Which of the following is most commonly used to monitor short-run changes in economic activity?

答案: real GDP

6、 Which of the following fall during a recession?

答案: both retail sales and employment

7、 Which of the following  rises during recessions?

答案: layoffs but not consumer spending

8、 According to classical macroeconomic theory, changes in the money supply affect

答案: the price level, but not real GDP.

9、 The model of short-run economic fluctuations focuses on the price level and

答案: real GDP.

10、 The model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply explains the relationship between

答案: real GDP and the price level.

11、 According to classical macroeconomic theory, changes in the money supply change nominal but not real variables.

答案: 正确

12、 Like real GDP, investment fluctuates, but it fluctuates much less than real GDP.

答案: 错误

13、 When output rises, unemployment falls.

答案: 正确

14、 An increase in the money supply causes output to rise in the long run.

答案: 错误

15、 The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model helps us to understand both short-run economic fluctuations and how the economy moves from the short to the long run.

答案: 正确

16、 Aggregate demand shifts to the left if the money supply increases.

答案: 错误

17、  An increase in the money supply causes the interest rate to fall, investment spending to rise, and aggregate demand to shift right.

答案: 正确

18、 We can explain continued increases in both output and the price level by supposing that only aggregate demand shifted right over time

答案: 错误

19、 When the price level rises unexpectedly, some businesses may mistake part of the increase for an increase in the price of their product relative to others and so decrease their production

答案: 错误

20、 If aggregate demand shifts right, then eventually price level expectations rise.  The increase in price level expectations causes the short-run aggregate-supply curve to shift to the left.

答案: 正确

第十二篇 IS-LM 模型 单元测验13：第十二篇（IS-LM模型）

1、 The IS curve plots the relationship between the interest rate and __ that arises in the market for ____.

答案: national income; goods and services

2、 In the Keynesian-cross model, actual expenditures differ from planned expenditures by the amount of:

答案: unplanned inventory investment

3、 According to the theory of liquidity preference, tightening the money supply will __ nominal interest rates in the short run, and, according to the Fisher effect, tightening the money supply will ____ nominal interest rates in the long run.

答案: increase; decrease

4、 A decrease in the nominal money supply, other things being equal, will shift the LM curve

答案: upward and to the left.

5、 The IS and LM curves together generally determine:

答案: both income and the interest rate.

6、 Using the Keynesian-cross analysis, assume that the consumption function is given by C = 100 + 0.6(Y – T). If planned investment is 100 and T is 100, then the level of G needed to make equilibrium Y equal 1,000 is:

答案: 260

7、 Assume that the money demand function is (M/P)d = 2,200 – 200r, where r is the interest rate in percent. The money supply M is 2,000 and the price level P is 2. The equilibrium interest rate is:

答案: 6%

8、 Assume that the money demand function is (M/P)d = 2,200 – 200r, where r is the interest rate in percent. The money supply M is 2,000 and the price level P is 2. If the price level is fixed and the Fed wants to fix the interest rate at 7 percent, it should set the money supply at:

答案: 1600

9、 If MPC = 0.75 (and there are no income taxes), when G increases by 100, then the IS curve for any given interest rate shifts to the right by:

答案: 400

10、 If MPC = 0.75, when T decreases by 100, then the IS curve for any given interest rate shifts to the right by:

答案: 300

11、 Shifts in the aggregate-demand curve can cause fluctuations in

答案: the level of output and in the level of prices.

12、 The interest-rate effect

答案: depends on the idea that increases in interest rates decrease the quantity of goods and services demanded

13、 According to classical macroeconomic theory,

答案: All the choices are correct.

14、 Monetary policy

答案: can be described either in terms of the money supply or in terms of the interest rate

15、 According to liquidity preference theory, equilibrium in the money market is achieved by adjustments in

答案: the interest rate

16、 The theory of liquidity preference is most helpful in understanding

答案: the interest-rate effect.

17、 The IS–LM model takes the price level as exogenous.

答案: 正确

18、 A variable that links the market for goods and services and the market for real money balances in the IS–LM model is the interest rate.

答案: 正确

19、 In the Keynesian-cross model with a given MPC, the government-expenditure multiplier is smaller than the tax multiplier.

答案: 错误

20、 An LM curve shows combinations of interest rates and income, which bring equilibrium in the market for real money balances.

答案: 正确

21、 A decrease in the price level, holding nominal money supply constant, will shift the LM curve upward and to the left

答案: 错误

22、 According to the theory of liquidity preference, the supply of real money balances is fixed

答案: 正确

23、 In the Keynesian-cross model, fiscal policy has a multiplied effect on income because fiscal policy changes income, which changes investment, which further changes income.

答案: 错误

24、 In the IS–LM model, changes in taxes initially affect planned expenditures through consumption

答案: 正确

25、 An increase in the money supply shifts the LM curve to the right, and the aggregate demand curve to the left.

答案: 错误

26、 A tax cut shifts the IS curve to the right, and the aggregate demand curve to the right.

答案: 正确

27、 Both monetary policy and fiscal policy affect aggregate demand

答案: 正确

28、 Monetary policy and fiscal policy are the only factors that influence aggregate demand

答案: 错误

29、 Sometimes, changes in monetary policy and/or fiscal policy are intended to offset changes to aggregate demand over which policymakers have little or no control

答案: 正确

30、 An increase in the money supply decreases the equilibrium interest rate and shifts the aggregate-demand curve to the right

答案: 正确

31、 Changes in monetary policy aimed at reducing aggregate demand involve decreasing the money supply or increasing the interest rate

答案: 正确

32、 If the inflation rate is zero, then the nominal and real interest rate are the same.

答案: 正确

33、 An increase in the price level shifts the money demand curve to the left, causing interest rates to increase

答案: 错误

34、 An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate-supply curve to the right

答案: 错误

35、 An increase in the money supply decreases the interest rate in the short run

答案: 正确

36、 Other things equal, the higher the price level, the higher is the real wealth of households

答案: 错误

第十三篇 失业与通货膨胀 单元测验14：第十三篇（失业与通货膨胀）

1、 Which of the following leads to a lower level of unemployment in the long run?

答案: neither an increase in the size of the money supply nor an increase in the money supply growth rate

2、 If the natural rate of unemployment falls,

答案: both the short-run Phillips curve and the long-run Phillips curve shift

3、 Who of the following would necessarily be included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ “unemployed” category?

答案: None of the choices is correct.

4、 In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only hot dogs and hamburgers. The fixed basket consists of 10 hot dogs and 6 hamburgers. A hot dog cost $3 in 2006 and $5.40 in 2007. A hamburger cost $5 in 2006 and $6 in 2007. Which of the following statements is correct?

答案: When 2007 is chosen as the base year, the inflation rate is 50 percent in 2007

5、 When computing the cost of the basket of goods and services purchased by a typical consumer, which of the following changes from year to year?

答案: The prices of the goods and services.

6、 Who would be included in the labor force?

答案: Lisa, who is unhappy with her current job.

7、 If policymakers decrease aggregate demand, then in the long run

答案: prices will be lower and unemployment will be unchanged.

8、 President Bigego is running for re-election against Senator Pander. Bigego proclaims that more people are working now than when he took office. Pander says that the unemployment rate is higher now than when Bigego took office. You conclude that

答案: both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force grew faster than employment

9、 Suppose the price index was 100 in 2014, 109 in 2015, and the inflation rate was lower between 2015 and 2016 than it was between 2014 and 2015. This means that

答案: the price index in 2016 was lower than 118.9

10、 The economy is in long-run equilibrium when Senator Soldout argues that the Fed should do more to fight unemployment. He argues that if the Fed increased the money supply faster, more workers would find jobs. The Senator’s argument

答案:  is true for the long run but not the short run

11、 The short-run relationship between inflation and unemployment is often called

答案: the Phillips curve.

12、 The economist A.W. Phillips published a famous article in 1958 in which he showed a

答案: negative correlation between the rate of unemployment and the rate of inflation.

13、 Phillips found a

答案: negative relation between unemployment and inflation in the United Kingdom.

14、 A. W. Phillips’ findings were based on data

答案: from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.

15、 A.W. Phillips’s discovery of a particular relationship between unemployment and inflation for the United Kingdom

答案: was quickly extended to other countries by researchers.

16、 The value of the consumer price index increased from 140 to 147 during 2006. Nathan opened a bank account at the beginning of 2006, and at the end of 2006 his account balance was $12,840. The purchasing power of Nathan’s account increased by 2 percent during the year. We can conclude that Nathan opened his account with a deposit of $11,500 at the beginning of 2006.

答案: 错误

17、 In the late 1970s, U.S. nominal interest rates were high and real interest rates were low, but in the late 1990s, U.S. nominal interest rates were low and real interest rates were high.

答案: 正确

18、 Archie has a savings account at a bank. If he earns 6 percent interest on his account and if there is deflation, then his purchasing power rises by more than 6 percent over the course of a year.

答案: 正确

19、 The logic behind the tradeoff between inflation and unemployment is that high aggregate demand puts upward pressure on wages and prices while raising output.

答案: 正确

20、 Just as the aggregate-demand curve slopes downward only in the short run, the trade-off between inflation and unemployment holds only in the long run.

答案: 错误

21、 A decrease in the growth rate of the money supply eventually causes the short-run Phillips curve to shift right.

答案: 错误

22、 The adult population must equal the sum of the employed and the unemployed.

答案: 错误

23、 Only paid workers are included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ “employed” category

答案: 错误

24、 When the consumer price index is computed, the base year is always the first year among the years being considered.

答案: 错误

25、 Changes in the consumer price index are useful in predicting changes in the producer price index.

答案: 错误

26、 The proliferation of Internet usage serves as an example of a favorable supply shock.

答案: 正确

27、 An adverse supply shock shifts the short-run Phillips curve right and the short-run aggregate-supply curve left.

答案: 正确

28、 An adverse supply shock shifts the short-run Phillips curve right.  If people raise their inflation expectations, the short-run Phillips curve shifts farther right.

答案: 正确

29、 In most of the 1970s, the Fed’s policy created expectations of high inflation.

答案: 正确

30、 A decrease in the growth rate of the money supply eventually causes the short-run Phillips curve to shift right.

答案: 错误

31、 A low sacrifice ratio would make a central bank less willing to reduce the inflation rate.

答案: 错误

32、 The sacrifice ratio of the Volcker disinflation was larger than previous estimates had predicted.

答案: 错误

33、 A central bank can reduce inflation by reducing money supply growth, but it necessarily does so at the cost of permanently raising the unemployment rate.

答案: 错误

34、 Proponents of rational expectations argue that failing to account for peoples’ revised inflation expectations led to estimates of the sacrifice ratio that were too high

答案: 正确

35、 The sacrifice ratio is the percentage point increase in the unemployment rate created in the process of reducing inflation by one percentage point.

答案: 错误

第十四篇 经济增长 单元测验15：第十四篇（经济增长）

1、 Productivity is the amount of goods and services

答案: produced for each hour of a worker’s time. It is linked to a nation’s economic policies

2、 Which of the following is correct?

答案: Even though Japan had a higher growth rate of real GDP per person than the U.S. over the last 120 years, it’s level of real GDP per person is less than that of the U.S.

3、 Countries that have lower levels of real GDP per person than the United States

答案: in some cases have growth rates that are higher than that of the United States and in other cases lower than that of the United States.

4、 Last year real GDP in the imaginary nation of Oceania was 561.0 billion and the population was 2.2 million. The year before, real GDP was 500.0 billion and the population was 2.0 million. What was the growth rate of real GDP per person during the year?

答案: 2 percent

5、 In 2012, the imaginary nation of Dorados had a population of 8,000 and real GDP of 3,000,000. During the year its real GDP per capita grew by about 2.9%. Which of the following sets of growth rates is consistent with this growth?

答案:  4% population growth and 7% real GDP growth

6、 Which of the following is a good gauge of economic progress?

答案: the growth rate of real GDP per person, but not the level of real GDP per person

7、 Which of the following are residents of rich countries likely to have in greater quantities, or better quality, than residents of poor countries?

答案: housing

8、 Which of the following would, by itself, reveal the most about a country’s standard of living?

答案: its productivity

9、 Which of the following can be measured by the level of real GDP per person?

答案: the standard of living but not productivy

10、 In determining living standards, productivity plays a key role

答案: for both nations and individuals.

11、 A rapid increase in the number of workers, other things the same, is likely in the short term to

答案: raise real GDP, but decrease real GDP per person.

12、 Over the period 1900-2008, Brazil’s rate of economic growth exceeded that of China

答案: 正确

13、 If a country has a higher level of productivity than another, then it also has a higher level of real GDP

答案: 错误

14、 When Americans invest in Russia, the income of Russians (that is, Russian GNP) rises by more than production in Russia (that is, Russian GDP)

答案: 错误

15、 Foreign direct investment and domestic investment have the same effect on all measures of economic prosperity.

答案: 错误

16、 If a rich country reduced subsidies to domestic producers of goods that poor countries have a comparative advantage producing, the standard of living in these poor countries would likely rise.

答案: 正确

17、 Economists generally believe that policies such as reducing barriers to trade are likely to foster economic growth.

答案: 正确

18、 The population growth rate tends to be higher in developed countries than in developing countries.

答案: 错误

19、 Investment in human capital has opportunity costs, but investment in physical capital does not.

答案: 错误

20、 Economists generally believe that inward-oriented policies are less likely to foster growth than outward-oriented policies.

答案: 正确

21、 One reason that governments may find it useful to sponsor universities and basic research is that to a large extent knowledge is generally a private good.

答案: 错误

22、 The catch-up effect refers to the idea that poor countries, despite their best efforts, are not likely ever to experience the economic growth rates of wealthier countries.

答案: 错误

23、 Two countries with the same saving rates must have the same growth rate of real GDP per person.

答案: 错误

24、 International data on real GDP per person gives us a sense of how standards of living vary across countries.

答案: 正确

25、 Like physical capital, human capital is a produced factor of production.

答案: 正确

第十五篇 开放经济 单元测验16：第十五篇（开放经济）

1、 Which type(s) of economies interact with other economies?

答案: only open economies

2、 International trade

答案: raises the standard of living in all trading countries.

3、 Foreign-produced goods and services that are purchased domestically are called

答案: imports.

4、 A country sells more to foreign countries than it buys from them.  It has

答案: a trade surplus and positive net exports.

5、 A country’s trade balance

答案: is greater than zero only if exports are greater than imports

6、 An open economy’s GDP is always given by

答案: Y = C + I + G + NX.

7、 If saving is greater than domestic investment, then

答案: there is a trade surplus and Y > C + I + G.

8、 If a country has a trade deficit then

答案: S < I and Y < C + I + G

9、 If a country has a trade deficit

答案: it has negative net exports and negative net capital outflow.

10、 Which of the following statements is correct for an open economy with a trade surplus?

答案: The trade surplus implies that the country’s national saving is greater than domestic investment.

11、 The open-economy macroeconomic model includes

答案: both the market for loanable funds and the market for foreign-currency exchange.

12、 In an open economy, national saving equals

答案: domestic investment plus net capital outflow.

13、 In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the market for loanable funds equates national saving with

答案: the sum of domestic investment and net capital outflow.

14、 A country has national saving of $70 billion, government expenditures of $20 billion, domestic investment of $30 billion, and net capital outflow of $40 billion.  What is its supply of loanable funds?

答案: $70 billion

15、 The slope of the supply of loanable funds is based on an increase in

答案: only national saving when the interest rate rises.

16、 A country has I = $200 billion, S = $400 billion, and purchased $600 billion of foreign assets, how many of its assets did foreigners purchase?

答案: $400 billion

17、 Other things the same, as the real interest rate rises

答案: domestic investment and net capital outflow both fall.

18、 If there is a surplus of loanable funds, the quantity demanded is

答案: less than the quantity supplied and the interest rate will fall.

19、 When a country’s government budget deficit decreases

答案: the real exchange rate of its currency decreases and its net exports increase.

20、 If a government increases its budget deficit, then domestic interest rates

答案: rise and net exports fall.

21、 A country with negative net exports has a trade surplus.

答案: 错误

22、 Net capital outflow is the purchase of domestic assets by foreign residents minus the purchase of foreign assets by domestic residents.

答案: 错误

23、 A rational investor will always purchase the bond that pays the highest real interest rate

答案: 错误

24、 A country must have a positive net outflow of capital if it has a trade deficit.

答案: 错误

25、 It is possible for a country to have domestic investment that exceeds national saving.

答案: 正确

26、 If a country’s trade surplus falls, its net capital outflow rises.

答案: 错误

27、 In an open economy, national saving can be less than investment.

答案: 正确

28、 Other things the same, an increase in the foreign price level leads to an increase in the real exchange rate.

答案: 错误

29、 Many economists believe that the theory of purchasing-power parity describes the forces that determine exchange rates in the long run.

答案: 正确

30、 Other things the same, an increase in the nominal exchange rate raises the real exchange rate.

答案: 正确

31、 In an open economy, the supply of loanable funds comes from national saving.

答案: 正确

32、  In an open economy, the demand for loanable funds comes from both domestic investment and net capital outflow.

答案: 正确

33、 The purchase of a capital asset adds to the demand for loanable funds only if that asset is a domestic one.

答案: 错误

34、 In the open-economy macroeconomic model, a higher domestic interest rate reduces the quantity of loanable funds demanded

答案: 正确

35、 In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports equal the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.

答案: 正确

36、 Other things the same, a higher real exchange rate reduces net exports.

答案: 正确

37、 If C+I+G>Y, then net exports and net capital outflow are both less than zero.

答案: 正确

38、 When the government budget deficit increases, national saving increases.

答案: 错误

39、 A tax credit for purchases of capital goods causes the interest rate to increase and the exchange rate to appreciate.

答案: 正确

40、 In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate does not affect net capital outflow.

答案: 正确

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